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Broadway House Station For People Living With Hiv / Aids

In New Jersey, countless people are affected by the HIV/AID virus. Broadway House located at 298 Broadway, Newark, NJ 07104 in front of oriental village â€Å"it is the only specialized care facility for people living with HIV/AIDS† (BWH). Since 1995, Proponents of Broadway house believe in providing patients with outstanding healthcare services. This Facility offers patient’s medical services, social services, behavioral health services, and quality of life programs. Through these services psychological, physical, and emotional needs of the individuals residing in Broadway House are met. On October 10th at 10am, I learned that referred residents in Broadway arrive from local hospitals such as University Hospital, Saint Michaels, Saint Barnabas, and Beth Israel. The residents are referred to this facility because they were healthy enough to be discharged, but too sick to go home. The age of residents range from 22-65 with the occasional teen. However, once patients ente r the agency they begin sub-acute rehabilitation, which consists of 3 units of HIV treatment. Nevertheless, patients situated in this facility must be approved by the â€Å"Special Care Unit by the Medicaid Pre-Admission (PAS) System† (BWH). Broadway House accepts insurance reimbursement, such as Medicare, Medicaid, insurance and social security. And offers monthly payment plans if a person does not meet the income criteria. However, in spite of Broadway House’s monetary assistance to their patients,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis and Action for a Communitys Health Essay1472 Words   |  6 PagesCommunity: Riverdale Riverdale is an upscale community in the Northwestern corner of the Bronx bordered by the Hudson River, Broadway, the Bronx/Westchester county line and the Harlem River. It is accessible by the BX buses 7, 9, 10, 20, the 1 the 9 train, the Bee Line 1,2 3 and the Metro North Railroad. It is also accessible by the Henry Hudson Parkway. Riverdale is apart of Community District 8 and the 10471 zip code, which includes Kingsbridge, Marble Hill and Spuyten Duyvil Read MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesof human talent to accomplish the organizational goals. As human resources have become viewed as more critical to organizational success, many organizations have realized that it is the people in an organization that can provide a competitive advantage.2 Throughout the book it will be emphasized that the people as human resources contribute to and affect the competitive success of the organization. Human Resource (HR) management deals with the design of formal systems in an organization to ensureRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageschallenges, including: â€Å"How can I help others accept new goals, new ideas, new approaches?† â€Å"How can I invigorate those who feel outdated and left behind?† â€Å"How do I help the ‘survivors’ of a downsizing pick up the pieces and move on?† â€Å"How do I help people with very different agendas and philosophies work together, especially during periods of high stress and uncertainty?† Anyone tempted to dismissively argue that the answers to these questions are â€Å"common sense† would do well to recall Will Rogers’

Vietnam Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Vietnam Persuasive Essay In the early 1960s, North Vietnam wished to unify North and South Vietnamthrough military force. Since the United States feared the spread of communism in Asia,John F. Kennedy provided economic and military aid to South Vietnam to prevent thetakeover by North Vietnam. At this time, this was still a civil war. The United Stateswere not yet officially involved. The North Vietnamese resented this intervention by the United Sates and so, threeVietnamese torpedo boats fired on the U.S. destroyer, Maddox on August 2nd, 1964. The Maddox had been in the Gulf of Tonkin ( international waters ), thirty miles off the coast of Vietnam. On August 3rd, 1964, President Johnson gave the right to attackwith the objective of destroying attacking forces . Retaliation air attacks began onAugust 3rd. Their aim was to destroy North Vietnams gunboat capability. As two moreUnited States destroyers were supposedly sunk, more air and sea forces were sent. Upuntil now, the U.S. had refrained from direct combat. This is when the United Statesformally entered the Vietnam War. The U.S. did this for two reasons. We wished tomaintain the independence of South Vietnam and we had to prove to allied nations thatwe would help them resist Communist takeover. As Congress was about to vote whetheror not to allow the combat to move into North Vietnam, the North Vietnamese attacked amajor U.S. airbase at Bein Hoa. On February 7th, 1965, Johnson ordered retaliationbombing on North Vietnam. Rolling Thunder was the name of this operation. It s purposewas to put pressure on Hanoi and convince them that Communism could not and wouldnot win. At the end of 1965, one hundred and eighty thousand Americans were in SouthVietnam under General William S. Westmoreland. The U.S. mainly depended onsuperior firepower and helicopters. The Viet Cong and North Vietnamese depended onsurprise attack and concealment. The United States soldiers realized that the war would last for many more yearsand wondered if the U.S. war effort could succeed. At the end of 1968, The number ofAmerican troops in South Vietnam reached its peak of 542,000 men. The Viet Cong andNorth Vietnamese launched a major invasion against the United States called the Tetoffensive from January 30th to February 25th, 1968. At the Khe Sanh U.S. firebase, therewas a major ground battle. There was a siege from January 21st to April 14th. It wasthought to be the American Dien Bien Phu . The United States turned it around however, with their victory at Hue. By 1969, combat decreased rapidly and Americantroops began to return home. The role of Communism was extremely important in this conflict. Communismwas one of the main reasons of why the United States entered the war in the first place. The U.S. had to enter the war to stop the spread of Communism in Asia since NorthVietnam was Communist. Had North Vietnam succeeded in converting Vietnam into aCommunist country, it could become very powerful and go on to persuade othercountries to become Communist. The U.S. believed that Vietnam could becomepowerful. They were amazed that France, an Allied power, had been beaten by theVietnamese. North Vietnam was a Communist country. The man who had proclaimedVietnam independent, Ho Chi Minh, was a Communist. During the war with the French,Ho Chi Minh took refuge in northern Vietnam and settled there with his followers. Hefounded the Indochina Communist Party and the Viet Minh. He became the president ofNorth Vietnam from 1945 to 1969. North Vietnam was a poor area and was cut off fromthe agricultural benefit of South Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh was forced to ask assistancefrom major Communist allies the Soviet Union and China. Both aided North Vietnambefore and during the war. The North Vietnamese invaded South Vietnam. They wanted to use militarytactics to force unification. The United States did not allow their unification. The U.S. .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 , .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .postImageUrl , .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 , .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:hover , .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:visited , .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:active { border:0!important; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:active , .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17 .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4f60c4ec9fc278243e8895604fa3ef17:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucius (2309 words) Essayknew that the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese wished to establish one rulinggovernment, the Communist Party. This led to the Vietnam War and U.S. intervention. On January 27th, 1973, South Vietnam Communist forces ( Viet Cong ), NorthVietnam, South Vietnam and the United States agreed on many things during the Parispeace talks. The talks lasted over two years before any agreements were made that suitedall of them. The forces involved agreed that U.S. troops would gradually withdraw fromVietnam and all prisoners of war would be released. They also agreed that SouthVietnam had the right to choose their own future, whether or not to unite with NorthVietnam. North Vietnamese troops were given the right to remain in South Vietnam butthey could not be reinforced. President Nixon finalized the accepted treaty and began toremove United States troops. After the peace talks, fighting continued between the North and SouthVietnamese. North Vietnam went against all that was outlined at the peace talks after themajority of American soldiers left. History Essays

Brico Devices for Corporate Social Responsibility- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBrico Devices for Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to evaluate the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) at Brico Devices and to make recommendations for improvements. The report was commissioned by the CEO Mr Mathew Flanagan after a negative coverage in the press and media about the Brico Devices. This report will look at; Remuneration Working conditions Waste disposal methods Environmental unsustainable practice The information was gathered from face-to-face interviews, a questionnaire sent to the managers and supervisors and a site inspection carried out plus a scrutiny on the internal company documents. Findings Remuneration A CSR audit showed that; Brico Devices have been paying below the minimum pay rate as required by the government. A comparison of the salary to the basic rate fixed by the government showed a low pay rate which in turn affects the productivity and the CSR. No Superannuation A CSR audit revealed that there was no superannuation at Brico Devices and employees retired at the age of 60. Working Conditions After an investigation at Brico Devices, it became clear that; A chain of command was not implemented within the company which was the major cause of the poor working conditions. The poor working condition has affected the corporate social responsibility since the working environment is not conducive making the team members stressed. Records showed that the employees worked more than 60 hours per week and one day off per week was not adhered to in some facilities within Brico Devices. Waste disposal methods It was discovered that; The waste disposal practices were unsafe and directly and indirectly damaged the environment causing incurable infections. Both the employees and the environment were affected by the unsafe waste disposal at Brico Devices. Environmentally unsustainable practice After the investigation it became clear that; there was an increasing use of the limited resources in the manufacturing process at the company Conclusion In light of the above findings, it is evident that Brico Devices has violated the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The employees working conditions are below the required standards as determined by the Australia government. According to the Australian economic indicators February 2012, working conditions are regulated by the federal legislations, the awards, the workplace agreement, and the contracts which are unresented at Brico Devices. If the pay rate is not looked at the company risk losing its employees lowering their productivity and may face a government sanction. An increase in the pay rate will increase retention level hence increasing productivity at Brico Devices. Recommendations The company need to implement a workplace management for its employees- according to Cotton and Hart, staff wellbeing is determined by the risk management framework used in a company. The level of hierarchy in the company will foresee the working conditions of all employees (Hardy and Howe2010). Payment rate increased to the basic rate as required by the government- the Australian government minimum wage stand at AU$15.96 per hour which sum to AU$606.40 per week (Charlesworth and Heron 2012). Safe waste disposal measures and proper discharge of toxic gases- from the Australian research council, environmental harm is a crime and mismanagement makes the waste cycle hazardous (Vander Beken and Balcean 2006). References Banerjee, S.B., 2008. Corporate social responsibility: The good, the bad and the ugly. Critical sociology, 34(1), pp.51-79 Charlesworth, S. and Heron, A., 2012. New Australian working time minimum standards: Reproducing the same old gendered architecture?. Journal of Industrial relations, 54(2), pp.164-181. Cooper, R., 2010. The new industrial relations and international economic crisis: Australia in 2009. Journal of Industrial Relations, 52(3), pp.261-274. Costa, I., Massard, G. and Agarwal, A., 2010. Waste management policies for industrial symbiosis development: case studies in European countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 18(8), pp.815-822. Golob, U. and Bartlett, J.L., 2007. Communicating about corporate social responsibility: A comparative study of CSR reporting in Australia and Slovenia. Public Relations Review, 33(1), pp.1-9. Hardy, T. and Howe, J., 2010. Partners in enforcement? The new balance between government and trade union enforcement of employment standards in Australia. Ray, R., Sanes, M. and Schmitt, J., 2013. No-vacation nation revisited. Center for Economic and Policy Research. Vander Beken, T. and Balcaen, A., 2006. Crime opportunities provided by legislation in market sectors: mobile phones, waste disposal, banking, pharmaceuticals. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 12(3-4), pp.299-323.

During The Spanish-American War The Warship Oregon Was Summoned From T

During the Spanish-American War the warship Oregon was summoned from the West Coast. The trip took two months to travel 14,000 miles around Cape Horn to the Atlantic. (The American Journey 741) How was the United States supposed to defend it shores if it took ships that long to get between them? The United State had to build a canal through Central America; national security depended on it. The Politics of the Panama Canal are confusing. This confusion includes the building, the economics and the operation of this facility. The canal, began in 1881 and finished in 1914(Dolan 55), has caused one country to fail, another to triumph, and another to gain its independence. There was a need for a canal through the isthmus of Central America. The big question was who would step up and build it. France had just lost the Franco-Prussian War against Germany. The country felt that it had lost some prestige in eyes of other nations. There seemed only one certain way to restore its glory, undertake and complete the most challenging engineering feat in history. Build a canal through Central America and link the world's two greatest oceans. (Dolan 53) The French chose Panama to build its canal because it was far narrower than Nicaragua, it's closet competitor. They obtained permission from Columbia to lay the waterway. (Dolan 53) A private company was founded in 1879 to raise the needed capital to undertake the construction. Appointed president of the company was Ferdind de Lesseps, who had guided the construction of the Suez Canal. (Panama) The French abandoned the project in 1889, due to a lack of funding. (Dolan 59) Now it was time for the American's to get involved. But there was one problem; they had signed a treaty with Great Britain that said, if one or the other decided to build a canal then the two countries would work together. This treaty was called the Clayton Bulwer Treaty. In 1901 the treaty was replaced with the Hay-Pauncefote treaty. It called for Great Britain to give the United States the right to act independently in the development of an Atlantic Pacific waterway. Why did the British agree to the treaty? They were tied up in the Boer War in South Africa and didn't want to split the bill on a canal? (Dolan 63) Now congress had to decide on where to dig the canal. The two main choices were Panama and Nicaragua. Just days before the vote on the canal site, Philipee Benau-Varilla obtained ninety Nicaragua stamps that pictured a railroad dock with an active volcano in the background, and sent them to all of the senators with a message: "An official witness of the volcanic activity in Nicaragua. (Mcneese 78) Did it work? Panama got the go ahead. The United States now to get permission from Columbia to dig in Panama. In 1902, John Hay, the U.S. Secretary of State began negotiate with the Colombian government. An agreement was finally reached in January 1903 in the signing of the Hay-Banau-Varilla Treaty, which granted the United States a strip of land 6 miles wide along the general route laid out by de Lesspes. The U.S. had the right to administer and police this zone. In return they would pay the Colombian government $10 million, and after nine years of operation Columbia would get an annual fee of $250,000. (Dolan 63) The treaty had to be ratified in both the U.S. and Columbia before it could take affect. The U.S. gave its approval in March 1903, but the Colombian Congress said there was not enough money for the right to dig in Panama. They wanted an additional $5 million from the Americans. They also objected to many of the points on the administration of what was now known as the Canal Zone. (Dolan 64) When the Columbian Government refused to ratify the treaty, Panama revolted because they feared the United States would build through Nicaragua. After they declared their independence from Columbia, President Theodore Roosevelt ensured the success of the revolt when he ordered a U.S. warship to prevent Colombian troops from entering the isthmus. (Panama) Now Panama had its independence and the U.S. had the right to build the canal. The Canal Zone was

baroque art1 essays

baroque art1 essays The baroque has been called a theatrical style, one that deals in spectacle, grandeur, and dramatic contrast. Test these concepts in an essay that discusses the baroque as an expression of the Catholic Reformation, Protestant devotionalism, the Scientific Revolution, and the Age of Absolutism. Define your general statements with specific examples. The following essay will discuss the baroque period and how the Catholic Reformation, Protestant devotionalism, and the Scientific Revolution influenced it. The Baroque period generally refers to the years 1600 to1750. Classicism of the Renaissance has been replenished during the Baroque period. During the Baroque artistic period, the exploration of the fundamental components of human nature and the realm of senses and emotions were very crucial. The Baroque era was a very dynamic time that showed an abundance of radiance and color. Artists of this time were passionate and sensual. Their works were many times considered to have an overpowering emotional effect. The superficial form of light was fascinated during this period due to the thoughts of godlike sun or the truth of the Holy Spirit. The Baroque naturalism maintains the religious themes in content. The elements of perception in the Baroque art are how we perceived the natural human figures are in motion through s pace, time, and light. We present and analyze the extent of human actions and passions in all its degrees of lightness, darkness, and intensity. The scientific revolution also had a tremendous impact on art during this time. Scientists started to study the earth and its positioning in the universe. This was a time when the people started take more of an interest in astronomy and mathematical equations. During the time of the Catholic Reformation artists began to challenge all the rules that society has set for artistic design. Artist starting with Parmigianino, Tintoretto, and E ...

The Outsourcing of Information Technology Jobs Research Paper

The Outsourcing of Information Technology Jobs - Research Paper Example This paper discusses various aspects of IT outsourcing phenomenon and the reasons as to why firms outsource. According to reports by Gartner, the worldwide IT services outsourcing market is currently worth about 50 billion USD with the ITES and BPO market being worth about 130 billion USD (Pettey, 2009). The economic recession has had a downward pressure on the outsourcing market. In 2008, India with its leading companies such as Accenture, Infosys, Wipro, TCS and many other had a 63% market share of the IT outsourcing market. This is a decrease from the 70% market share it enjoyed in 2007 when India was the preferred destination and now other countries such as Eastern European regions, China, Taiwan and South Africa have entered the market. This is a reduction from the 2004 figures that placed the IT outsourcing market at 163 billion USD (McCue, 2005). Clearly, the market has been worsted by the economic recession, failure of large banks and insurance companies, failure of large automobile manufacturers and many other firms. Outsourcing has been around since a few decades and the best examples were outsourcing of food and catering business, janitorial services, housekeeping work and so on. This was actually also called as ‘in sourcing’ since outside companies and vendors came to work inside a firm. The outsourcing and in sourcing phenomenon has been regarded as one of the forces that flattened the world. Among the 10 flattening forces, Friedman has listed five forces that can be regarded as leading to outsourcing. The forces are: 4th force Open-Sourcing; 5th force Outsourcing; 6th force Offshoring; 7th force Supply-Chaining and 8th force Insourcing (Friedman, 2005). The world firs realized the benefits of outsourcing when Kodak outsourced its whole IT department to IBM for 6 billion USD. Up till then, IT outsourcing was only done for data entry work, electronic transcription of hard

Assignment3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assignment3 - Essay Example In other world, in real life, a tree is made up of the main stem and the branches. The branches get support or originate from the main stem. In my example, the same situation ensue, B, C, D and E explain more about A. as you go down the tree, it is clear that branch C and E also have branches. Those are referred to as sub-branches. They explain further on A through C and E. Like I mentioned in the above discussion, this is the most reliable form of diagramming techniques which is easier to explain and understand. The second that I consider my favorite diagramming technique is the dataflow diagram. This example explains how the operation flows from one level to another. The objects that represent data are shown and they obviously relate to the procedure in place. In this case, the diagram is only useful in indicating or rather showing how data flow. It does not require much explanation, in fact if there is any explanation required, it must be very basic. The diagram I have used as my example is self-explanatory, a step explains more about the previous. The other major advantage of this format is that there are writings on the side of the arrow; the writings explain what happens between the stages. Lastly on examples, I will talk about my third favorite diagramming technique. The name of the diagramming technique is Data flow graphs. This is a graph which is in other words referred to as directed graph. It consists of some kind of edges. The edges represent the flow of data. It also contain nodes, the nodes represent all operations that goes on in the graph. The diagram below explains; My response to the question why we should do conceptual analysis of visual images is that it does well in explaining the point deeper. I will use an example of a classroom environment where a teacher, for instance, is lecturing and giving notes to students in titration in Chemistry (this is just an example to explain my point

Discussion Board Week 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board Week 3 - Essay Example On the other hand Aristotle has always appeared to me as a proponent of a closed society (Keuth pg, 22). His work is always aimed at maintaining the social order. His philosophy is actually state centered and not people centered. He tells the society to behave in a way that is appropriate for the state. The doctrine of mean is also just an extension of this aim of Aristotle. It really doesn’t do any good for the society except for the fact that it helps to make the members of the society docile. The idea behind this doctrine is that people should try to behave in a manner that is not extreme in nature. For example according to this doctrine, one should not be rash nor he should be coward, but one should be somewhere in the middle of these two extremes thus one should be courageous. This is just an attempt to preserve the status quo of the society and avoid an upheaval of the public. Because of the greatness of benefit Utilitarianism provides to humanity, the principle of Mill is the best moral philosophy. The doctrine of Aristotle is not only state driven but also calls for a submissive and a closed society. That is the reason of its

Issues of the Registrability and Infringement of Trademark

Issues of the Registrability and Infringement of Trademark This question would be regarding to the issues of the registrability and infringement of trademark. Trademarks are the indicators of the origin of the products and services to which it attaches[1] which could bring a great economic value. Trademark is defined as any sign that is capable of being graphically representable which is distinguishable from one good to another under in s.1(1) of Trade Marks Act(TMA) 1994[2]. Generally, a trademark could last for 10 years initially but it could be renewed every ten year if it is used in the appropriate class. Trademarks in United Kingdom (UK) is currently governed by TMA 1994 which implemented the European Union(EU) Directive 89/104/EEC.[3] There are three requirements to be fulfilled to register a trademark. Firstly, a mark must be a sign where it is very broad as it includes words, devices, images, colours, shapes, music, sounds, and smells. On the facts, the plastic seashell base would be the sign. Next, the mark must be graphically representable. However, some unusual marks such as colour, shape, smell and sound marks would be difficult to fulfil this requirement. Therefore, some guidelines have been laid down in Sieckmann v Deutsches Patent-und Markenamt[4] where it states that the sign must be clear, precise, self-contained, easily accessible, intelligible, and have a durable objective for a mark to be graphically representable. On the facts, De Rijk Kluyv intended to register the seashell shape which fall under the category of unusual mark. However, it is challenging for a 3-dimensional shape to be represented 2-dimensional graphical form. This could be seen in Swizzels Matlow Ltds 3-Dimensional Trade Mark Application[5] where the shape mark failed to be registered as there was no indication of thickness, size and more. Moreover, there were also many unsuccessful attempts for Re Coca-Cola Co[6] to register the shape of their bottle. However, the case of Smith Kline and Fre nch v Winthrop[7]allowed a registration of a 3-dimensional shape in distinctive colour combination. On the facts, unless the company could fulfil the Sieckmann citeria, the mark is not registrable. Furthermore, the mark must also be capable of distinguishing under s.3(1) of TMA 1994. In Scandecor Development AB v Scandecor Marketing AV[8], it was held that the importance of trademark is that the goods could be distinctive from others. Hence, if a mark would not be registrable if is not capable of distinguishing as this was agreed by Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v MGM[9] on the importance of distinctiveness. However, it would be too wide to look at what could be registered as trade mark. Hence, it is better to focus on what could not be registered by looking at the absolute grounds of refusal under s.3 of TMA 1994 where it sets out 10 categories of signs that could not be registered. However, there are three categories where it could be registered if a secondary meaning could be provided. They are s.3(1)(b), s.3(1)(c) and s.3(1)(d) of TMA 1994. Firstly, under s.3(1)(b) of TMA 1994, it stated that the trademarks which devoid of any distinctive character. However, there are 2 different views in this area from UK and European Court of Justice(ECJ). For example, the shape of a torch was refused to be registered as a trademark in Mag Instrument v OHIM[10]. It stated that only marks which are significantly from the norm or customs of the sector that can indicate the origin and not lack of the purpose of distinctive character. However, the opinion of UK was different in British Sugar Plc v James Robertson and Son Ltd[11] where Laddie J held that a mark would fall under s.3(1)(b) of TMA 1994 if it could not be distinguished without the public have the knowledge that it is a trademark. On the facts, the term OUR WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER! could arguably to be considered as significant from the norm and distinctive. Moreover, the term could also be distinguished without having the public knowing it as a trademark. Hence, it would not fall under s.3(1)(b) of TMA 1994. Moreover, on the facts, the slogan of OUR WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER! should not fall under the category under s.3(1)(c) where it is exclusively descriptive of the goods or services to be registrable. The general rule is that the whole of a mark must be descriptive and not merely part of the mark. However, the law in this area was uncertain. In Besnier SAs Trade Mark Application[12] the registration was refused as the term Day by Day would naturally to be used by other traders. However, in Procter Gamble Co. v OHIM[13], it was held that in appeal that baby dry is not the whole descriptive of nappies and the overall effect of the mark is important instead of the components that make it up. This was supported by Griffiths where he stated that it offers greater certainty to trademark applicants.[14] Furthermore, in Windsurfing Chiemsee v Attenberger Cases[15], the European Court of Justice(ECJ) held that geographic descriptive marks could be registered as trademark if the public associates that mark is with the owner but not the geographic place. In that case, the trademark was used 2 years before it was registered and its application was allowed by the European Court of Justice(ECJ). On the facts, the slogan had only been used just under 2 years. It could be argued that it did not meet the requirement of the length of use laid down in Windsurfings case. However, in OHIM v Wm. Wrigley Jr.Co[16], it was held that the mark Doublemint was descriptive even if it was merely partly represented the characteristics of mint flavoured or mint-scented products. It could be submitted that the courts were trying to prevent a floodgate of litigations for marks that consisted descriptive words as this was allowed in Procters case as mentioned above. This decision had departed from the general rule and held that it would be considered descriptive even though it only consists part of the mark. It also did not overrule Procters case and created a confusion in law in this area. Hence, on the facts, by following the recent decision in Wrigleys case, the company would fail in the registration of the term as a trademark as it consists a word that is descriptive to the goods themselves which is the word OYSTER where it is a type of seafood. Other than that, the mark should not consist exclusively signs or indications where it became the generic terms in general language or the specific market sector under s.3(1)(d) of TMA 1994. On the facts, it could be argued that the slogan OUR WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER! fall under the generic terms in general language as it is an edited version of the idiom the world is your oyster. Hence, it could be argued that the slogan could not be registered as a trademark. However, a mark that acquired a distinctive character through its use would be registrable. It is required that the mark must have been used and has in fact acquired a distinctive character. In Socià ©tà © des Produits Nestlà © SA v Mars UK Ltd[17], it was held that the slogan of Have a Breakà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Have a Kit Kat had become distinctive through its use even though the High Court on appeal held that Have a Break itself is not distinctive, the Court of Appeal held that the mark need not be distinctive individually. On the facts, unless the company could proof distinctiveness by showing that a portion of customers that could identify the goods are originate from this company because of the slogan, the slogan OUR WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER would not be registrable. Next, in determining whether there is an infringement of DUTCHY BEACH mark, s.10 of TMA 1994 would be discuss. A typical infringement would involve a sign used by a trader which is similar to another registered trademark owned by another trader which indicate the source of the goods or services. On the facts, the activity that constitutes an infringement would be affixing a sign to goods or packaging as the mark DUTCHY BEACH was used in a range of beverages by Beechy Beverages Ltd under s.10(4) of TMA 1994. There are three types of use which are regarded as infringements under s.10(1), s.10(2) and s.10(3) of TMA 1994. On the facts, the type of use would be the similar sign for dissimilar goods which has a reputation and it was used without due cause, takes unfair advantages or detriments under s.10(3) of TMA 1994.[18] The mark DUTCHY BEECH sign is similar to DUTCH BEECH mark where one sells beverages but the other one sells processed seafood products. On the facts, it is clear that the mark DUTCHY BEECH is visual, phonetic and conceptual similar with DUTCH BEACH as per Muelhens v OHIM[19]. The company would need to show that there is a likelihood of confusion but this was held to be unnecessary to do so by ECJ in Sabel BV v Puma AG, Rudolf Dassler Sport[20]. Moreover, on the facts, it is clear that the goods sold by the parties are dissimilar as per the case of Daimler Chrysler AG v Javid Alavi[21]where the classes of the goods are not the same. On the facts, the class of goods under De Rijk and Kluyvs company are class 29 and 31 while the class of goods under Beechy Beverages are class 32 and 33. Furthermore, De Rijk and Kluyv would need to prove that the trademark has a reputation. However, it is not necessary for the mark to be famous. The reputation would only need to be existed in part of the geographical area by determining the degree of knowledge of the public. It was held by the ECJ in General Motors(GM) v Yplon SA[22] that the size of the investment for the promotion of the mark must be considered when determining the degree of knowledge of public on the two marks. On the facts, they had recently invested in a new seafood platter for the supermarkets. Hence, it could be argued that there is a sufficient reputation for the mark on the public as there was an investment on the mark and it was also used on the goods which distributed to the supermarkets and restaurants locally. It could be argued that the public had a sufficient knowledge on the mark as it can be seen in supermarkets and restaurants. Then, they would need to show that there are detriments suffered or Beechy Beverages had taken unfair advantage of the repute or distinctive character of DUTCH BEACH mark. It is unnecessary for them to show detriments if there is an unfair advantage taken by Beechy Beverages. On the facts, it could be argued that Beechy Beverages had taken an unfair advantage by using a similar to the mark with repute which is DUTCH BEACH to market their goods as per LOreal v Bellure[23]. However, if Beechy Beverages could show that the use was with due cause as per Premier Brands UK v Typhoon Europe Ltd[24], there would not be an infringement. On the facts, it could be argued that there is no due cause for the use of the mark. However, Beechy Beverages would argue that the use was for comparing advertisement as per TMA 1994 in light of Directive 97/55/EC[25]. There would be an infringement if the sign was used in a course of trade under s.10(3) of TMA 1994 even if the sign did not used as a trade mark. It could be regarded to be used in a course of trade if it is used for business purposes to indicate the origin of the goods and services as per Reed Executive Plc v Reed Business Information[26]. Moreover, the case Adam Opel AG v Autec AG[27] held that any use of a similar mark including decoration purpose would amount to an infringement. On the facts, the Beechy Beverages company did not intend to register it as a trademark as there is no application made. However, according to the case stated above, it would still be an infringement as the sign was used to indicate the beverages are from Dutch as the word DUTCHY was used and it is similar to a registered mark. However, Beechy Beverages could seek for a defence under s.11(2)(b) as the use could be argued as indications for the geographical origin of its goods if there is an infringement. Beechy Beverages would argue that the use of the mark was indicating the goods are from Dutch as the name, DUTCHY BEECH consists partly of the geographical name. This defence would be accepted if the use of the mark may be expected by the public. In conclusion, the shape of the seashell base would be difficult to be registered and the slogan OUR WORLD IS YOUR OYSTER would not be able to be registered as it failed to meet requirement stated above. Moreover, De Rijk and Kluyv will success in their infringement claim but Beechy Beverages would have a defence to it as stated above. De Rijk and Kluyv could seek for injunction and damages from Beechy Beverages for the losses. [1] Davis, Jennifer, Intellectual Property Law Core Text, (4th edn, OUP 2012) 200 [2] Trade Marks Act 1994, s.1(1) [3] First Council Directive 89/104/EEC to approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks [1988] [4] Sieckmann v Deutsches Patentund Markenamt (C273/00) [2003] 3 WLR 424 [5] Swizzels Matlow Ltds 3-Dimensional Trade Mark Application [1999] RPC 879 [6] Re Coca-Cola Co [1986] 2 All ER 274 [7] Smith Kline French Laboratories Ltd v Sterling-Winthrop Group Ltd [1976] RPC 511 [8] Scandecor Development AB v Scandecor Marketing AV and Others [2002] FSR 122 [9] Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v MGM [1999] ETMR 1 [10] Mag Instrument v OHIM (C-136/02) [2005] ETMR 46 [11] British Sugar Plc v James Robertson and Son Ltd [1996] RPC 281 [12] Besnier SAs Trade Mark Application [2002] RPC 60 [13] Procter Gamble Co. v OHIM (C-383/99) [2001] ECR I-6251 [14] Griffiths, Modernising Trade Mark Law and Promoting Economic Efficiency: an evaluation of the Baby-Dry judgment and its aftermath [2003] 1 IPQ 1-37 [15] Windsurfing Chiemsee v Attenberger Cases C-108/97, C-109/97 [1999] ECR I-2779 [16] OHIM v Wm. Wrigley Jr. Co. (C-191/01) [2003] ECR I-12447 [17] Socià ©tà © des Produits Nestlà © SA v Mars UK Ltd [C-353/03] [2006] FSR 2 [18] Trade Marks Act 1994, s.10(3) [19] Muelhens v OHIM [2006] ECR I-0000 [20] Sabel BV v Puma AG, Rudolf Dassler Sport [1998] RPC 199 [21] Daimler Chrysler AG v Javid Alavi (t/a Merc) [2001] RPC 42 [22] General Motors (GM) v Yplon SA (C-375/97) [1999] ECR I-5421 [23] LOreal SA v Bellure N.V. and Others [2010] EWCA Civ 535 [24] Premier Brands UK v Typhoon Europe Ltd [2000] FSR 767 [25] Directive 97/55/EC of European Parliament and of the Council of 6 October 1997 amending Directive 84/450/EEC concerning misleading advertising so as to include comparative advertising [1997] [26] Reed Executive Plc v Reed Business Information Ltd [2004] RPC 767 [27] Adam Opel AG v Autec AG C-48/05

Hybrid Cars and the Reduction of Air Pollution Essay -- Environment Ec

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current vehicles that are powered by gasoline pollute, but as technologies improve and the human way of life changes alternatively powered vehicles enter the automotive industry. These vehicles were developed to achieve better gas mileage and to help slow the production of the gasses that cause Global Warming. The hybrid vehicle is one of the most popular alternatively powered vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles are energy efficient cars or trucks that run on an internal combustion engine of a gas vehicle with the battery and electric motor of an electric vehicle. This results in twice the fuel economy of gas vehicles. These hybrid electric vehicles consume fewer natural resources than gas vehicles and produce almost no emission fumes compared to the standard gas vehicle. Hybrid cars are one solution to preserving air quality for the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hybrid electric cars were created because of the shortfall in battery technology. The batteries that were being made could not produce enough power. These batteries would not sustain long trips with the car. To work around this and onboard generator, powered by an internal combustion engine could be used for long trips. These cars became known as hybrid electric vehicles that are now being mass-produced by companies like Toyota and Honda. When the vehicle starts and travels at city street speeds less than 30 miles per hour the electric motor does the greatest amount of the work. As the cars power sources begins to lose some of its energy the backup gasoline engine starts. This function is similar to how gasoline cars work, with the alternator using the engine's power to recharge the battery. After the power supply is replenished the gasoline engine shuts down. Also the gasoline engine is used to power the vehicle as it reaches the higher speeds where the added hor sepower is needed. Usually the speed at which the gasoline engine starts is in the 30 mile per hour range. Even as the gasoline engine runs the electric motor continues to provide power for the vehicle. This vehicle combination in my opinion is beneficial economically and environmentally. Using the hybrid electric vehicle will reduce smog-forming pollutants and cut emissions of global-warming pollutants by a third to a half. The average gas vehicle will pose substantial economic, environmental and energy security issue for the U.S. and all nati... ...ing down the pollutants in the air. The hybrid cars will help to clean the air for the future and help to stop greenhouse gases that are generated by gasoline engine cars. The hybrid electric vehicle allows for almost zero emission gases released from it. The hybrid electric car will be able to use fossil fuels better and make them last longer. With a hybrid electric vehicle the vehicle gets better gas mileage than a typical gasoline fed engine. In doing this a hybrid vehicle will make the resources last longer and will not use them up as fast as they are now. The reductions that the hybrid electric vehicle will make in the emissions problem will be one that is looked upon as a revolution towards helping the planet. As a human it is our right to live in a sustainable environment and with the production of this car maybe in the future the air will be sustainable and not cause any problems. Works Cited â€Å"Emissions Trading: A new weapon in project finance†. /29/2009. http://www.econews.org/new_weapon.html Robinson, Aaron. â€Å"Toyota Pruis†. Car & Driver March 2010. Vol. 46 Issue 9 p69. â€Å"Honda Insight/Toyota Prius Comparison†.8/28/11. http://www.insightcentral.net/prius.html Hybrid Cars and the Reduction of Air Pollution Essay -- Environment Ec   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current vehicles that are powered by gasoline pollute, but as technologies improve and the human way of life changes alternatively powered vehicles enter the automotive industry. These vehicles were developed to achieve better gas mileage and to help slow the production of the gasses that cause Global Warming. The hybrid vehicle is one of the most popular alternatively powered vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles are energy efficient cars or trucks that run on an internal combustion engine of a gas vehicle with the battery and electric motor of an electric vehicle. This results in twice the fuel economy of gas vehicles. These hybrid electric vehicles consume fewer natural resources than gas vehicles and produce almost no emission fumes compared to the standard gas vehicle. Hybrid cars are one solution to preserving air quality for the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hybrid electric cars were created because of the shortfall in battery technology. The batteries that were being made could not produce enough power. These batteries would not sustain long trips with the car. To work around this and onboard generator, powered by an internal combustion engine could be used for long trips. These cars became known as hybrid electric vehicles that are now being mass-produced by companies like Toyota and Honda. When the vehicle starts and travels at city street speeds less than 30 miles per hour the electric motor does the greatest amount of the work. As the cars power sources begins to lose some of its energy the backup gasoline engine starts. This function is similar to how gasoline cars work, with the alternator using the engine's power to recharge the battery. After the power supply is replenished the gasoline engine shuts down. Also the gasoline engine is used to power the vehicle as it reaches the higher speeds where the added hor sepower is needed. Usually the speed at which the gasoline engine starts is in the 30 mile per hour range. Even as the gasoline engine runs the electric motor continues to provide power for the vehicle. This vehicle combination in my opinion is beneficial economically and environmentally. Using the hybrid electric vehicle will reduce smog-forming pollutants and cut emissions of global-warming pollutants by a third to a half. The average gas vehicle will pose substantial economic, environmental and energy security issue for the U.S. and all nati... ...ing down the pollutants in the air. The hybrid cars will help to clean the air for the future and help to stop greenhouse gases that are generated by gasoline engine cars. The hybrid electric vehicle allows for almost zero emission gases released from it. The hybrid electric car will be able to use fossil fuels better and make them last longer. With a hybrid electric vehicle the vehicle gets better gas mileage than a typical gasoline fed engine. In doing this a hybrid vehicle will make the resources last longer and will not use them up as fast as they are now. The reductions that the hybrid electric vehicle will make in the emissions problem will be one that is looked upon as a revolution towards helping the planet. As a human it is our right to live in a sustainable environment and with the production of this car maybe in the future the air will be sustainable and not cause any problems. Works Cited â€Å"Emissions Trading: A new weapon in project finance†. /29/2009. http://www.econews.org/new_weapon.html Robinson, Aaron. â€Å"Toyota Pruis†. Car & Driver March 2010. Vol. 46 Issue 9 p69. â€Å"Honda Insight/Toyota Prius Comparison†.8/28/11. http://www.insightcentral.net/prius.html

Teenage Suicide

Teenage suicide is a major issue in todays society; suicide is the intentional taking of one's own life and is a momentous issue that should be addressed as quickly as possible. Teen suicide has been the topic of numerous news headlines; yet, It still continues to have a detrimental effect on todays youth.. There have also been numerous misconceptions about the leading cause of teenage suicide. Although there are a number of things that can cause someone to commit suicide, there is one main reason that has been proven to be the principal cause: mental illness.Some other the leading causes of suicide among teenagers include bullying, depression or anxiety, drug and alcohol abuse, and sexual and physical abuse. At some point in most teens' lives, they will experience periods of sadness, worry and/or despair. While it is completely normal for a healthy person to have these types of responses to pain resulting trom loss. dismissal, or disillusionment, those with serious (otten undiagnose d) mental illnesses often experience much more drastic reactions.Many imes these severe reactions will leave the teen in despair, and they may feel that there Is no end In sight to their suffering. It is at this point that the teen may lose hope, and with the absence of hope comes more depression and the feeling that sulclde Is the only solution. It Isnt. Bullying is Indubitably becoming one of the leading causes of teenage suicide: In todays society, it isnt unheard of to hear news stories explaining how another teenager has committed suicide as a result of bullying.Bullying has been a major ontroversy In schools for countless years, and I believe that It will continue to be an issue for many years to come unless we do something about it. I do believe that people are beginning to take bullying more seriously than they have in past years: however, there is still a lot more that can be done In order to decrease the amount of bullying that takes place. Teens with bipolar disorder are more likely to commit suicide due to the fact that although they might teel tine a majority ot the time, there may also be times when they feel extremely depressed.Depression Is highly treatable, but the problem with a lot of teens is that they do not realize that they are depressed: therefore, they don't get the proper treatment needed to overcome depression. They dont realize that there are other solutions opposed to suicide, and they don't realize that the decision to commit sulclde as a result ot a short-term problem will have a long-term ettect that can never be reversed. When depression is properly treated, a persons thoughts on suicide become more coherent, and it is less likely for them to attempt suicide.Teen girls are statistically twice as likely as their male counterparts to attempt suicide. They tend to turn to drugs (overdosing) or to cut themselves, while boys are traditionally more successful In their sulclde attempts because they utilize more lethal methods such as guns and hanging. This method preference makes boys almost four times more successful in committing suicide. All In all, altnougn tnere are many tnlngs tnat can cause a person to commit sulc10e, mental illness is currently the primary reason.Suicide is preventable; anti- epressant drugs have proved to be highly effective in helping to thwart teens from committing suicide. The reason as to why so many teens think it is alright to bully and tease others is due to the fact that the repercussions are not stringent enough; therefore, bullying continues to happen. As IVe stated before, a majority of people planning to commit suicide give some type of warning signs that indicate that they might be planning to commit suicide. Through research, I have found that a lot, not all, of suicides that have occurred could have been prevented.While some teens uffer from depression and/or anxiety, others are victims of bullying or abuse. People need to realize that every single one of our actions will have a reaction, whether it is good or bad. When we bully and mistreat others, we hardly ever think about what they are feeling. If people were to be more selfless and considerate of other's feelings, then I am sure that the there will be fewer teens committing suicide. Also, when someone gives up hope on living, it is up to the people around them, such as friends and family, to give them the support that they need to carry on. Teenage Suicide Teenage suicide is a major issue in todays society; suicide is the intentional taking of one's own life and is a momentous issue that should be addressed as quickly as possible. Teen suicide has been the topic of numerous news headlines; yet, It still continues to have a detrimental effect on todays youth.. There have also been numerous misconceptions about the leading cause of teenage suicide. Although there are a number of things that can cause someone to commit suicide, there is one main reason that has been proven to be the principal cause: mental illness.Some other the leading causes of suicide among teenagers include bullying, depression or anxiety, drug and alcohol abuse, and sexual and physical abuse. At some point in most teens' lives, they will experience periods of sadness, worry and/or despair. While it is completely normal for a healthy person to have these types of responses to pain resulting trom loss. dismissal, or disillusionment, those with serious (otten undiagnose d) mental illnesses often experience much more drastic reactions.Many imes these severe reactions will leave the teen in despair, and they may feel that there Is no end In sight to their suffering. It is at this point that the teen may lose hope, and with the absence of hope comes more depression and the feeling that sulclde Is the only solution. It Isnt. Bullying is Indubitably becoming one of the leading causes of teenage suicide: In todays society, it isnt unheard of to hear news stories explaining how another teenager has committed suicide as a result of bullying.Bullying has been a major ontroversy In schools for countless years, and I believe that It will continue to be an issue for many years to come unless we do something about it. I do believe that people are beginning to take bullying more seriously than they have in past years: however, there is still a lot more that can be done In order to decrease the amount of bullying that takes place. Teens with bipolar disorder are more likely to commit suicide due to the fact that although they might teel tine a majority ot the time, there may also be times when they feel extremely depressed.Depression Is highly treatable, but the problem with a lot of teens is that they do not realize that they are depressed: therefore, they don't get the proper treatment needed to overcome depression. They dont realize that there are other solutions opposed to suicide, and they don't realize that the decision to commit sulclde as a result ot a short-term problem will have a long-term ettect that can never be reversed. When depression is properly treated, a persons thoughts on suicide become more coherent, and it is less likely for them to attempt suicide.Teen girls are statistically twice as likely as their male counterparts to attempt suicide. They tend to turn to drugs (overdosing) or to cut themselves, while boys are traditionally more successful In their sulclde attempts because they utilize more lethal methods such as guns and hanging. This method preference makes boys almost four times more successful in committing suicide. All In all, altnougn tnere are many tnlngs tnat can cause a person to commit sulc10e, mental illness is currently the primary reason.Suicide is preventable; anti- epressant drugs have proved to be highly effective in helping to thwart teens from committing suicide. The reason as to why so many teens think it is alright to bully and tease others is due to the fact that the repercussions are not stringent enough; therefore, bullying continues to happen. As IVe stated before, a majority of people planning to commit suicide give some type of warning signs that indicate that they might be planning to commit suicide. Through research, I have found that a lot, not all, of suicides that have occurred could have been prevented.While some teens uffer from depression and/or anxiety, others are victims of bullying or abuse. People need to realize that every single one of our actions will have a reaction, whether it is good or bad. When we bully and mistreat others, we hardly ever think about what they are feeling. If people were to be more selfless and considerate of other's feelings, then I am sure that the there will be fewer teens committing suicide. Also, when someone gives up hope on living, it is up to the people around them, such as friends and family, to give them the support that they need to carry on. Teenage Suicide Teenage suicide is a major issue in todays society; suicide is the intentional taking of one's own life and is a momentous issue that should be addressed as quickly as possible. Teen suicide has been the topic of numerous news headlines; yet, It still continues to have a detrimental effect on todays youth.. There have also been numerous misconceptions about the leading cause of teenage suicide. Although there are a number of things that can cause someone to commit suicide, there is one main reason that has been proven to be the principal cause: mental illness.Some other the leading causes of suicide among teenagers include bullying, depression or anxiety, drug and alcohol abuse, and sexual and physical abuse. At some point in most teens' lives, they will experience periods of sadness, worry and/or despair. While it is completely normal for a healthy person to have these types of responses to pain resulting trom loss. dismissal, or disillusionment, those with serious (otten undiagnose d) mental illnesses often experience much more drastic reactions.Many imes these severe reactions will leave the teen in despair, and they may feel that there Is no end In sight to their suffering. It is at this point that the teen may lose hope, and with the absence of hope comes more depression and the feeling that sulclde Is the only solution. It Isnt. Bullying is Indubitably becoming one of the leading causes of teenage suicide: In todays society, it isnt unheard of to hear news stories explaining how another teenager has committed suicide as a result of bullying.Bullying has been a major ontroversy In schools for countless years, and I believe that It will continue to be an issue for many years to come unless we do something about it. I do believe that people are beginning to take bullying more seriously than they have in past years: however, there is still a lot more that can be done In order to decrease the amount of bullying that takes place. Teens with bipolar disorder are more likely to commit suicide due to the fact that although they might teel tine a majority ot the time, there may also be times when they feel extremely depressed.Depression Is highly treatable, but the problem with a lot of teens is that they do not realize that they are depressed: therefore, they don't get the proper treatment needed to overcome depression. They dont realize that there are other solutions opposed to suicide, and they don't realize that the decision to commit sulclde as a result ot a short-term problem will have a long-term ettect that can never be reversed. When depression is properly treated, a persons thoughts on suicide become more coherent, and it is less likely for them to attempt suicide.Teen girls are statistically twice as likely as their male counterparts to attempt suicide. They tend to turn to drugs (overdosing) or to cut themselves, while boys are traditionally more successful In their sulclde attempts because they utilize more lethal methods such as guns and hanging. This method preference makes boys almost four times more successful in committing suicide. All In all, altnougn tnere are many tnlngs tnat can cause a person to commit sulc10e, mental illness is currently the primary reason.Suicide is preventable; anti- epressant drugs have proved to be highly effective in helping to thwart teens from committing suicide. The reason as to why so many teens think it is alright to bully and tease others is due to the fact that the repercussions are not stringent enough; therefore, bullying continues to happen. As IVe stated before, a majority of people planning to commit suicide give some type of warning signs that indicate that they might be planning to commit suicide. Through research, I have found that a lot, not all, of suicides that have occurred could have been prevented.While some teens uffer from depression and/or anxiety, others are victims of bullying or abuse. People need to realize that every single one of our actions will have a reaction, whether it is good or bad. When we bully and mistreat others, we hardly ever think about what they are feeling. If people were to be more selfless and considerate of other's feelings, then I am sure that the there will be fewer teens committing suicide. Also, when someone gives up hope on living, it is up to the people around them, such as friends and family, to give them the support that they need to carry on.

A Comparison of the Merits of using Software or Hardware Transactional Memory, against Traditional ‘Semaphore’ Locking The WritePass Journal

A Comparison of the Merits of using Software or Hardware Transactional Memory, against Traditional ‘Semaphore’ Locking A Comparison of the Merits of using Software or Hardware Transactional Memory, against Traditional ‘Semaphore’ Locking ]. Bright, P. (2011) IBM’s new transactional memory: make-or-break time for multithreaded revolution. Available at: http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2011/08/ibms-new-transactional-memory-make-or-break-time-for-multithreaded-revolution/ Â  [Accessed 12th March 2014]. Detlefs, D., Martin, P.A., Moir, M. Steele, G.L., (2001) ‘The Twentieth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing’, in Lock-free Reference Counting, ACM Press: New York. Maged, M.M. (2004) ‘Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2004 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation’, in Scalable Lock-free Dynamic Memory Allocation, ACM Press: New York.

These 2 Recommendation Letters Got Me Into Harvard and the Ivy League

These 2 Recommendation Letters Got Me Into Harvard and the Ivy League SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When I applied to college, I was accepted into every school I applied to, including Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, MIT, the Ivy League, UC Berkeley, UCLA, and more.While I had a strong overall application, the two teacher letters of recommendation were CRITICAL in getting me admitted. Why? Both teacherssaid I was one of the top students they had ever taught. Both enthusiastically advocated for my personality, leadership skills, and energy. How can YOUearn recommendation letters that will get you into your top choicecolleges?I'll show you how in this article. For the first time, I'm sharing my FULL, UNEDITED letters of recommendation as examples for you. These are the exact letters submitted when I applied to college. Even better, you'll see exactly what my Harvard admissions officer underlined - what really stood out as important and noteworthy. First Things First Quick question - how confident are you in knowingwhat colleges are looking for in your recommendation letters? Do you have a strong understanding of what an effective letter consists of, and what a bad letter looks like? Manystudents have the totally wrong idea of what colleges are looking for in recommendation letters. This, naturally, leads to subpar letters for students. Before I show you my letters, I first want to explainWHYrecommendation letters from teachers are such an important part of your college application, and then WHAT makes effective letters so effective. If you're chomping at the bit and really want to jump directly to my letters, here's Recommendation Letter Example #1, and here's Recommendation Letter Example #2. BUT I highly recommend that you stick with me for the next two sections - you'll get a lot more out of this guide and get much stronger rec letters as a result. Why Teacher Recommendation Letters Are So Important for College The goal of your overall college application is to communicate who you are as a person, in an easily digestible package that can take 20 minutes to understand (or less). From this package, colleges will decide whether they want you to join their community or not. Yeah, it doesn't feel great to have your 18 years of existence compressed into a web form. But that's the best system colleges have come up with so far to deal with the tens of thousands ofcollege applications they receive every year. (UCLA with a record 112,000+ applications) What do colleges care most about? Ultimately, it boils down to two things: how likely you are to succeed in college and in your career how much you'll benefit the school community as a student and beyond These are the ultimate goals of colleges when selecting their next class of students. Your application must convince the college that you will succeed in both goals. Of course, these are complex ideas -success is not only hard to predict, but different people also have different ideas of what success means. But there are a few general principles that hold true for most colleges: previous academic success is a great predictor of future academic success, which in turn predicts career success. certain personality traits are preferred: integrity, leadership, curiosity, creativity, empathy, perseverance, motivation, ambition, collaboration, confidence, and others. You don't need to be perfect in all dimensions, but some of these should apply strongly to you. you also generally want to avoid the opposite of these traits. These are all bad adjectives: unethical,narrow-minded, unmotivated, self-centered, arrogant, rude. For the first admissions requirement of academic success, your coursework and test scores play the biggest role. If you took a rigorous courseload and got a high GPA, and you got a high SAT/ACT score, you have shown that you can handle high school academics. This means you're in a great position to succeed academically in college. Feel like your SAT/ACT scores aren't high enough to impress your top choice colleges?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your SAT/ACT score. Download it for free now: How do you show the second requirement - personality traits? Part of this is in your personal essays and extracurriculars, where you'll show what you're interested in and give voice to your personality. But of courseyou'll describe yourself as curious, creative, collaborative, kind, and so forth. Who would describe themselves as unethical and mean? This is why colleges need objective, third-party observers to comment on who you are. This is where your teacher recommendations come in, and why they're so important. The role of the rec letter is to show who you are as a person.Your teachers haveengaged with you throughout at least a year of class. They've seen you in class with other students, and possibly out of class too. There are hundreds of small interactions that piece together to form your teacher's impression of you. How do you interact with students? How do you interact with teachers? How creative was your work? How much did you participate in class discussions? How motivated were you to excel in school? Are you a jerk nobody wants to be around? Or are you someone the teacher entrusts with the future? A greatteacher recommendation tells the college all of the above. Let's Hear From Harvard's Dean of Admissions What if you don't fully believe me yet? I'm just one guy with his own admissions experiences. So I'm going to call on William Fitzsimmons, Dean of Admissions at Harvard College: Recommendations from secondary school teachers and counselors are extremely important at Harvard and at many other colleges, particularly those with selective admissions processes. Faced with more academically qualified applicants than places in the freshman class, our admission officers review the two required teacher recommendations and the counselor report with great care, often commenting on them in writing on â€Å"reader sheets† in each application.We often project the recommendations themselves onto large screens so that all members of the Admissions Committee can see them during the subcommittee and full committee review processes in February and March.Recommendations can help us to see well beyond test scores and grades and other credentials and can illuminate such personal qualities as character and leadership as well as intellectual curiosity, creativity, and love of learning. Along with essays, interviews, and other materials in the application, recommendations can offer evidence of an applicant’s potential to make a significant difference to a college community and beyond. Source Notice how he says Harvard is "faced with more academically qualified applicants than places." What does this imply? "Among a pool of students with the same academic qualifications, we use personality traits to decide who to admit or reject."And letters of recommendation for students describe those personality traits. To beat a dead horse: your teacher recommendations add more color to your academic achievements, your test scores, and your GPA. The best recommendation letters for colleges rave about your personality and personal qualities. This is why my two letters below are so effective. You do NOT want your recommendation letters to just be repeats of your resume. This gives the admissions officer ZERO extra information about who you are a person. You do NOT want your recommendation letters to just say, "Johnny got an A and turned in his homework on time." This makes it very obvious that the teacher has no idea who you are as a person, which means it adds ZERO to your application. Great recommendations talk about more than your class performance. They discuss your personal qualities, how interacting with you feels like, and why you're likely to succeed in the future. First, I'm going to show my letters to you, with analysis of why they were so effective. You'll see the highlights made by my Harvard admissions officer, which will tell you what things she found important. Then I'll give you advice on how to build relationships with your teachers so you can get letters like this on your own. My Letter of Recommendation Samples Usually you don’t get to read letters of recommendation for students because you sign the FERPA waiver, waiving away your rights to read your application. But I was able to retrieve my full Common App and Harvard applicationfrom Harvard, complete with my original letters of recommendation. Most colleges require you to have two letters from teachers in different subjects.The two teachers I asked for letters were my favorite two teachers in all of high school. Personally, I vibed most strongly with teachers who actually cared about teaching. They gave engaged studentswith energy, treated us kindly and empathetically, and went above expectations to help students succeed. Not only did I have the most fun with these teachers, but they were also more likely to advocate for me enthusiastically in their letter. You might not vibe with teachers for the same reasons, but it's important you choose teachers you get along with and who you feel will write you very strong letters. My first letter comes from my AP Chemistry teacher from 10th grade. My second comes from my AP English Language teacher from 11th grade. As you read these letters, remember - these letters didn't come instantly. They take hundreds of small interactions over a year or more to build an impression of who you are. You can't trick a teacher into writing a great recommendation letter for you. If you honestly like learning and are an enthusiastic, responsible, engaging student, a great recommendation letter will follow naturally. The horse should lead the cart. Teacher Letter #1: AP Chemistry Teacher I took AP Chemistry in 10th grade and had Miss Cherryl Vorak (now Mynster). She was one of our younger teachers, having taught for just a few years before I had her. She was my favorite teacher throughout high school for these reasons: She clearly took pride in her work. She wasvery caring, spent a lot of time helping struggling students, and seemed to consider teaching her craft. She was universally well liked by her students, even if they weren’t doing so well. This is pretty rare. She was fair in her policies and grading, and she was kind. This was the kind of teacher where if you weren't doing well, you felt like it was your fault, not the teacher's. I participated in the US National Chemistry Olympiad (this was the major academic honor I earned) and she was my advocate and a great resource for this.She provided me a lot of training materials and helped me figure out college chemistry. By the time I applied to college in senior year,I had known her for two full years and engaged with her continuously, even when I wasn't taking a class with her in junior year. We’d build up a strong relationship over the course of hundreds of small interactions. All of this flowed down to the recommendation you see here.The horse leads the cart. First, we’ll look at the teacher evaluation page. The Common Application now has 16 qualities to rate, rather than the 10 here. But they’re largely the same. If the images are hard to read, keep scrolling down - I provide the recommendation in text form. How long have you known this student and in what context? I've known Allen as a student inside the classroom and outside the classroom in extracurricular academic activities since he was in the 10th grade.What are the first words that come to your mind to describe this student? Intelligent, motivated critical thinker; Charasmatic, well rounded, talented individual; Independent, mature, responsible student. List the courses you have taught this student, noting for each the student's year in school (10th, 11th, 12th) and the level of course difficulty (AP, accelerated, honors, IB, elective, etc.) As a 10th grader, Allen was one of the top students in my AP Chemistry class. Please write whatever you think is important about this student, including a description of academic and personal characteristics.We are particularly interested in the candidate’s intellectual promise, motivation, maturity, integrity, independence, originality, initiative, leadershippotential, capacity for growth, special talents, enthusiasm, concern for others, respect accorded by faculty, and reaction to setbacks. We welcomeinformation that will help us to differentiate this student from others. See enclosed letter. Ratings Compared to other college-bound students in his or her secondary school class, how do you rate this student in terms of: Below Average Average Good (above average) Very Good (well above average) Excellent (top 10%) Outstanding (top 5%) One of the top few encountered in my career Creative, original thought âÅ"“ Motivation âÅ"“ Self-confidence âÅ"“ Independence, initiative âÅ"“ Intellectual ability âÅ"“ Academic achievement âÅ"“ Written expression of ideas âÅ"“ Effective class discussion âÅ"“ Disciplined work habits âÅ"“ Potential for growth âÅ"“ This was the Common Application from 2004-05, over 10 years ago. In today’s Common Application, all of these ratings are retained, aside from â€Å"Potential for Growth.† Today's Common Appalso now includes Faculty Respect, Maturity, Leadership, Integrity, Reaction to Setbacks, Concern for Others, and TE Overall. You can tell that Common App teacher evaluations placea strongemphasis on personality. From Miss Vorak, you can seea very strong evaluation. First she says she's known me for over 2 years and has had interactions inside and outside the classroom. Then she's very enthusiastic with her "first words" answer, listing off a lot of strong personal traits.Finally, she gives me the highest ratings possible for all qualities. The Ratings section is really important. In one go, you're compared to all the students your teacher has ever taught. The better your ratings here, the more competitive you are relative to your classmates. What makes for good enough ratings for you? That depends on your personal college goals and your school's competitiveness. The more competitive the colleges are, the higher up your ratings need to be. If you're applying to your state school, where the admissions rate is 30%, and your high school is pretty competitve, simply being Very Good or Excellent can be a strong rating for you. On the other hand, if you're applying to the most selective colleges like Harvard, Stanford, or the other Ivy League schools,it is important to be ranked â€Å"One of the top few encountered in my career† for as many ratings as possible. If you’re part of a big school, this is CRITICAL to distinguish yourself from other students. The more experienced and trustworthy the teacher, the more meaningful this is.You really want to make sure you’re one of the best in your school class, if not one of the best the teacher has ever encountered. Next, let’s look at her letter. As you read this, think – what are the interactions that would prompt the teacher to write a recommendation like this? This was a relationship built up in a period of over 2 years, with every small interaction adding to an overall larger impression. Again, if the images are too small to read, I'll have the exact text below, so scroll down. And here's the letter in text form. I've bolded the sections that were underlined by my Harvard admissions officer: To Whom It May Concern: It is with very great pleasure that I write this recommendation for Allen Cheng to support his application for admission into Harvard. Allen has a deep passion for science and has been one of the few exceptionally gifted students that I have encountered in my career as an Advanced Placement Chemistry teacher. Among his many achievements and accomplishments, Allen’s performance on a battery of Chemistry Olympiad exams taken by approximately 11,000 students nationwide recently secured him the position as the second alternate for the U.S. Chemistry Olympiad team, ranking 6th in the country for a team which represented our nation in the International Chemistry Olympiad competition in Germany this past spring. As a senior, Allen hopes to surpass his performance once more in hopes of securing a solid position as one of the four members on the 2005 U.S. Chemistry Olympiad team this coming spring. I first encountered Allen when he was a sophomore in my AP Chemistry class. He was the youngest student in the class of upper classmen, but he was the top excelling student among the two sections of AP Chemistry classes that I taught during the 2002-2003 academic year. As a sophomore, he worked very well with others, mastered laboratory techniques, earned the top score on the AP Chemistry Exam, and was one of the top performers on the National Chemistry Olympiad Exam that year. As one of the top performers on the National Chemistry Olympiad Exam in 2003, Allen was one of twenty students in the nation who qualified to be a participant in the United States National Chemistry Olympiad National Team in the spring that year. He spent an extensive amount of time studying independently in order to ensure that he would cover all of the topics that our class did not yet study and often sought additional instruction during lunch and after school during which he asked questions and performed labs from previous Chemistry Olympiad competitions for practice. When results were published, Allen was ecstatic to have qualified as one of the twenty participants in the U.S. Chemistry Olympiad Study Camp and he enjoyed the experience training for the International Chemistry Olympiad during which he was exposed to Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, etc., branches of science typically encountered at the college level. As a member of my Advanced Placement Chemistry class, I have found Allen to be an intelligent, conscientious, motivated and responsible student who masters theory-and applies it well. He academically excelled among his peers, often explained concepts to confused classmates, actively participated during discussion, asked questions to ensure that he had a firm understanding of concepts, and sought additional sources for supplementary problem solving exercises. As a scientist, he was always meticulous when performing experiments, he led his lab group to successfully complete experiments, he wrote great detailed analytical lab reports, and he worked well with others. Allen is a self motivated, dedicated, hardworking student of high intelligence who can grasp difficult concepts, think critically and handle the rigor of a competitive college environment. He exhibits the qualities of a leader and promising scientist who truly loves science. Allen truly impresses me as a student who actively seeks new experiences which support his love for science. This past summer, Allen was a participant at the Research Science Institute at MIT where he conducted research in the field of neuroscience. In addition, Allen has been conducting research with the Jisan Research Institute under the guidance of a professor for two years and has recently coauthored a paper which was published and presented in the LASTED International Conference on Robotics and Applications in Hawaii this year. In addition to conducting research, Allen has also been volunteering at Methodist Hospital and in an immunology lab at the City of Hope National Medical Center where he has been able to strengthen his general laboratory skills. He is clearly an independent, active member of society who pursues personal interests. Beyond his academic excellence, Allen is a charismatic individual who is respected and liked by faculty and peers. Throughout his high school career, Allen often stopped by my room during lunch to take my AP Chemistry tests to review his general chemistry, but he also often stopped by during lunch or after school to chat about his latest developments, events in school, or other various topics. His maturity and charisma are qualities that are quite rare among high school students. He interacts well with his peers be it in the classroom setting or with the broader diverse student population where he is well known as a balanced individual with a warm personality and sense of humor. He balances his time well by excelling in a heavy course load filled with advanced placement classes and he also participates in various school and community activities, including our school’s academic teams which provide a structured yet fun forum for competition and learning. Allen is a well rounded individual who clearly enjoys a challenge. Overall, Allen exhibits the qualities of a leader as well as a great scientist who has had ample research experience and excels academically in challenging, college level courses. He is an intelligent, well-rounded, and grounded individual who challenges himself and actively seeks new opportunities and experiences. He has the determination, maturity, and intelligence to succeed in any endeavor and always maintains a positive attitude. His academic and personal achievements show that he is committed to his education and will work hard to achieve his goals. He exudes confidence and has a vivid, outgoing, and friendly personality that allows him to get along with others very well in any setting. I admire him for his intelligence, sincerity, honesty, and integrity and am impressed by his discipline as an independent learner. He is a highly motivated individual with a thirst for knowledge. Allen Cheng would truly be a superior addition to the student body at Harvard. Sincerely, Cherryl Vorak AP Chemistry, Chemistry Honors Teacher The letter here is very strong for a multitude of reasons. First, the length is notable – most letters are just a page long, but this is nearly two full pages, single spaced.This is pretty rare, since teachers often have to write dozens of letters a year. It's clear she's interacted with me a lot, cares a lot about supporting me, and is willing to put in the work to do so. The structure is effective: first Miss Vorak talks about my academic accomplishments, then about my personal qualities and interactions, then a summary to the future. This is a perfect blend of what effective letters contain.She highlights my most important extracurricular activities and awards (you can read more about it here in my Complete college application). At the detail level, her diction and phrasing are specific and supportive. She makes my standing clear with precisestatements: â€Å"youngest student†¦top excelling student among the two sections† and â€Å"one of twenty students in the nation.† She’s clear about describing the effort I put in, like studying college-level chemistry and studying independently. When describing my personality, she’s exuberant and fleshes out a range of dimensions: â€Å"conscientious, motivated and responsible,† â€Å"exhibits the qualities of a leader,† â€Å"actively seeks new experiences,† â€Å"charismatic,† â€Å"balanced individual with a warm personality and sense of humor.† You can see how she's really checking off all the qualities colleges care about and corroborating her ratings. Overall, Miss Vorak’s letter perfectly supports my application– my love for science, my overall academic performance, and my personality. The last part is especially important - she adds much more color beyond my A in AP Chemistry.This letter was important to complement the overall academic performance and achievements shown on the rest of my application. Let's go to my second Common App teacher recommendation. Curious about what my college application looked like, including personal essays, grades, test scores, and extracurriculars? You're in luck - I've published my ENTIRE college application here. This includes my complete Common Application, teacher recommendations, counselor recommendation, and Harvard supplement. This application got me into every school I applied to, including Harvard, Stanford, Princeton, and more. Check out how Miss Vorak's letter complemented my entire college application and my Personal Narrative. Teacher Letter #2: AP English Language Teacher My second teacher Mrs. Swift was another favorite. A middle-aged, experiencedEnglish teacher, I would describe her as â€Å"fiery,† in a good way. She was passionate, always trying to get a rise out of students in class discussions. She was challenging as a teacher and grader, and I always wanted to impress her. Emotionally she was a reliable source of support for students. First, the teacher evaluation from the Common App: How long have you known this student and in what context? 2 years, AP student. What are the first words that come to your mind to describe this student? (blank) List the courses you have taught this student, noting for each the student's year in school (10th, 11th, 12th) and the level of course difficulty (AP, accelerated, honors, IB, elective, etc.) 11th Grade AP English Please write whatever you think is important about this student, including a description of academic and personal characteristics.We are particularly interested in the candidate’s intellectual promise, motivation, maturity, integrity, independence, originality, initiative, leadershippotential, capacity for growth, special talents, enthusiasm, concern for others, respect accorded by faculty, and reaction to setbacks. We welcomeinformation that will help us to differentiate this student from others. (blank) Ratings Compared to other college-bound students in his or her secondary school class, how do you rate this student in terms of: Below Average Average Good (above average) Very Good (well above average) Excellent (top 10%) Outstanding (top 5%) One of the top few encountered in my career Creative, original thought âÅ"“ Motivation âÅ"“ Self-confidence âÅ"“ Independence, initiative âÅ"“ Intellectual ability âÅ"“ Academic achievement âÅ"“ Written expression of ideas âÅ"“ Effective class discussion âÅ"“ Disciplined work habits âÅ"“ Potential for growth âÅ"“ You can see right away that her remarks are terser. She didn’t even fill out the section about â€Å"first words that come to mind to describe this student.† You might chalk this up to my not being as standout of a student in her mind, or her just getting tired of recommendation letter requests every year. In ratings, I earned three of the â€Å"one of the top in my career† for "Motivation," "Independence, initiative," and "Intellectual ability." The rest are marked as Outstanding (top 5%). These are overall great ratings, but not as universally "top ever" compared to my AP Chemistry teacher. There are a few explanations for this. As a teacher’s career lengthens, it gets increasingly hard to earn this mark. Since Mrs. Swift was a lot older than Miss Vorak, she had run through a ton of students already, which makes it harder to be one of the top few ever encountered. I probably also didn’t stand out as much as I did to my Chemistry teacher – most of my achievement was in science (which she wasn’t closely connected to), and I had talented classmates. Regardless, I did appreciate the 3 marks she gave me. Now, the letter. Once again, as you read this letter, think: what are the hundreds of interactions, in the classroom and outside, that would have led to a letter like this? To Whom It May Concern: It is with great pleasure that I recommend Allen Cheng for admission to your school. In my three years of working with him, he has demonstrated the qualities necessary for high success in the demanding academic atmosphere of a high caliber university as well as the social skills needed to be successful in college. Academically, he is an extremely strong student, earning an A both semesters in AP Junior English (a feat few accomplish), and A’s throughout his high school career. He consistently exhibits dedication and vigor in all that he approaches. He is a member of the National Honor Society, the California Scholarship Federation, and an integral part of the Jisan Research Institute. He is a vital member of all that he is a part of. Outside of the classroom, Allen’s passion is for research. He has a brilliant and lightning quick mind; he is a fantastic scientist, one with great charisma and leadership skills. Though he is a year younger than the rest of his class, he is heads and shoulders above them. He has been more than ready for all that a major university has to offer for quite some time. Perhaps one of Allen’s most outstanding characteristics is his independence of thought and his willingness to express those thoughts. In other situations where students-would never speak their minds, he showed no hesitation to voice questions, thoughts, and ideas. He was always an active participant in class discussions, his animated character and controversial positions often being the spark that set off the entire class to an impassioned and heated period of arguing, often with him at the focal point of one side or another. His other qualities are of equal magnitude – his leadership skills came to forefront in group projects where he took charge, assuming the majority of the work and responsibility, ensuring that everything was completed in a timely manner and to his extremely high standards. He also has the ability to take the quiet and shy student and actively engage him or her, transforming that student into an active member of the class. I went out of my way to partner him with other students who needed this kind of attention and encouragement. Another quality that sets him apart from other student leaders is his strength of conviction. He will argue on any topic that has touched a nerve. He breathes with raw, unbridled passion. It is a rare gift in a person of any age; in someone just 16, it is breathtaking. He is honest, never stooping to cheat; he is entertaining, relying on wit, knowledge, and intelligence to persuade. Friends rely on him; he is attentive to their true needs. Teachers enjoy him in their classes. I recommend Allen completely, with no hesitation. He will make his mark and be known. Judith Swift Overall, this letter is very strong. It’s only one page long, but she spends a lot more time on my personal qualities. She writes with her characteristic flair: â€Å"In other situations where students would never speak their minds, he showed no hesitation to voice questions, thoughts, and ideas.† â€Å"controversial positions often being the spark that set off the entire class† â€Å"ability to take the quiet and shy student and actively engage†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ went out of my way to partner him with other students who needed† â€Å"strength of conviction†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ raw, unbridled passion†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ He will argue on any topic that has touched a nerve.† These comments support my personality strongly. I lean more towards an irreverent, straightforwardpersonality, not being afraid to speakmy mind.While this came across in my personal essays and application, an experienced teacher vouching for this adds so much more weight than just my writing it about myself. Again, this impression was built up over a year of her teaching me. It wasn't just one time I stopped by after class. It was continuous participation in class discussions, strong performance throughout the year, and likely observations of me when I didn't know she was even looking. With my two letters in mind, let's end with advice for how you can get the best college rec letters possible. How You Can Get the Best Recommendation Letters from Your Teachers By now, I've repeated my most important advice for you a few times. The important thing is that the advice sticks in, and that you actually practice it. The best recommendation letters for students gush about your personal qualities and why that makes you the promising beacon of the future. You can't trick a teacher into writing a strong letter for you. This is the wrong attitude to have, and most teachers will be able to sniff out insincerity. Don't think that you can just stop by after class three times and get the teacher to be your buddy. Instead, your teacher's impression of you is built up over hundreds of interactions - in class discussions, in group projects, in your homework, during presentations, when arguing about test scores, and even when you think she's not listening. If you honestly like learning and are an enthusiastic, responsible, engaging student, a great recommendation letter will follow naturally. The horse should lead the cart. With all this in mind, here are strategies for how you can build great relationships with your teachers and get super strong letters along the way: Starting sophomore year, identify 2-3 teachers each year you get along with. Have at least one in math/sciences, and another in the other subjects. You won't get letters from all of them, but you do want backups in case your top choice writers don't work out. Prepare well for class discussions, and don't be afraid of sounding dumb. Speak your mind and your teacher will remember it. As a teaching assistantin college and grad school, I can tell you firsthand how annoying it is to ask the class a question and have no one respond. Prep beforehand and show that you're one of the few students who actually cares about learning. In your interactions with teachers, focus on improving yourself and learning, not on getting a better grade.This applies to talking about grading, group projects, and learning what's on a test. Students who grovel for extra points on a test are really annoying. In contrast, students who try to figure out where their weaknesses are and how to improve for the future are really fun to work with. Try to make the teacher's life easier.If you can help the teacher save time, she'll love you for it. This might mean helping out classmates who are struggling, sharing notes with the class, or noticing problems she's having and trying to fix them. This will take sustained effort and energy, but it's the most reliable way to get very strong recommendation letters. Even more, you'll likely have a lot more fun in school, and you'll build a strong relationship with an adult mentor who can teach you a lot. For a lot more detailed advice like this on how to interact with teachers earnestly, check out my How to Get a 4.0 GPA and Better Grades guide. Keep Reading to Build Your College Application Do you like my advice in this guide? Great - I've written a lot more to help you build the strongest college app possible. Want more recommendation letter samples? Check out 4 more excellent recommendation letters from teachers. How to Get a Perfect SAT Score/How to Get a Perfect ACT Score Do you feel like your SAT/ACT score is lower than what your top colleges are looking for? As someone who got a perfect score on the SAT and ACT, I learned important strategies to notice your weaknesses and drill to improve them. Read these guides to boost your SAT/ACT scores. Also, check out my series on getting perfect scores in each of the sections on the SAT/ACT: SAT 800 Series: Reading | Math | Writing ACT 36 Series: English | Math | Reading | Science How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League Aiming for a top school like Harvard, Stanford, Yale, or Ivy League-level schools? Your impression of what they're looking for might be COMPLETELYwrong. In this guide, you'll learn: why collegesexist, and what that means for what students they're looking for why being well-rounded is the path to rejection what an application Spike is, and why it'll get you into every college you apply to how to develop a Spike of your own If you're aiming for top tier colleges, this is a must read for you. How to Get a 4.0 GPA and Better Grades Do you feel like you're struggling to balance a rigorous courseload with good grades? You're not alone - this is a challenge for many high school students nationwide. In this guide, I'll tell you everything I know about how to get good grades. This includes mindset and psychology; study habits you need to have; and individual subject strategies. Even if you're not aiming for a 4.0 GPA, this is well worth the read - you'll learn something that can save you hundreds of hours of study time. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: